seawind 2019-1-25 12:33
盖洛普职业调查：美国人对神职人员的信任度创历史新低
[url]https://chinese.christianpost.com/news/gai-luo-pu-zhi-ye-tiao-cha-mei-guo-ren-dui-shen-zhi-ren-yuan-di-xin-ren-du-chuang-li-shi-xin-di.html[/url]
By Stoyan Zaimov , 2019年01月 2日, 05:49 PM
根据盖洛普(Gallup)一项职业信任度调查结果，美国人对于神职人员的信任度已跌至历史最低水平。
这份12月21日公布的结果，由盖洛普12月3日至12日对1025位美国成年人进行民意调查得出。结果发现，只有37%的受访者对神职人员的诚实和道德标准持有“非常高”或“高”的看法。43%的受访者给出了平均值，另有15%的受访者给出“低”或“非常低”的评价。
本次调查的可信度为95%，抽样误差幅度为正负4个百分点。
盖洛普指出自1977年开始进行此类调查以来，今年对于神职人员诚实和道德仅有37%“非常高”或“高”的评价是历史最低水平，而史上最高评价发生在1985年，为67%。自2009年以来，对神职人员的正面评价一直维持在54%，而今年的得分远远低于这个平均水平。
盖洛普在分析中指出：“今年，天主教会再次遭到更多性侵丑闻的冲击，公众对神职人员诚实和道德的看法也在持续下降。”
今年，有关对儿童和成年人的性虐指控震惊了美国、南美和欧洲各个教会，影响了新教和天主教的声誉。
8月份，宾夕法尼亚州大陪审团发布了一份长达1300页的报告，报告显示在过去几十年中，至少有301名神父对1000多名儿童进行了性侵。更严重的是，许多涉事者受到教廷保护，并被转移到其他教会中。
当时，教宗方济针对教会未能对性侵者采取行动而表示“羞愧和忏悔”。
教宗在一封公开信中说：“我们对孩子们毫无怜悯，我们抛弃了他们。回顾过往，任何乞求宽恕和寻求弥补所造成伤害的努力都是远远不够的。”
这位梵蒂冈领袖计划在2019年2月举行全球主教峰会，讨论如何解决教会中所存在的性侵问题。据悉，这将是梵蒂冈有史以来举行的此类会议中规模最大的。
在这次盖洛普民调中，48%新教徒对神职人员给出积极评价。相比下，只有31%天主教徒给出同样评价。
护士再次名列榜首，是美国人最信任的职业。84%的受访者认为他们的诚实和道德标准属于“非常高”或“高”的范畴。
医生、药剂师和高中教师紧排其后。而排名最后的是电话销售员、汽车销售员和国会议员。
盖洛普说：“今年，有个值得注意的变化，既有三分之一的美国人对记者的诚实和道德评价更高。自2016年以来，该看法已经上升10个百分点，达到40年来的最高水平。”
“这一变化在很大程度上是由民主党人推动的，虽然这是积极的变化，但记者要想达到护士那样备受信任的水平，还有一段很长的路要走。”
seawind 2019-1-25 12:38
Nurses Again Outpace Other Professions for Honesty, Ethics
[url]https://news.gallup.com/poll/245597/nurses-again-outpace-professions-honesty-ethics.aspx[/url]
Story Highlights
Nurses rated highest for honesty and ethics for 17th consecutive year
Members of Congress and telemarketers rated lowest
Journalists' ethics rating hits high of 33%, up 10 points since 2016
WASHINGTON, D.C. -- More than four in five Americans (84%) again rate the honesty and ethical standards of nurses as "very high" or "high," earning them the top spot among a diverse list of professions for the 17th consecutive year. At the same time, members of Congress are again held in the lowest esteem, as nearly 58% of Americans say they have "low" or "very low" ethical standards. Telemarketers join members of Congress as having a majority of low/very low ratings.
Bar graph: Americans' ratings of the honesty and ethics of 20 professions, 2018.
Gallup has measured the public's views of the honesty and ethical standards of a variety of occupations since 1976. While the list changes from year to year, some professions have been included consistently over the past four decades.
With the exception of one year, 2001, when firefighters were on the list after the 9/11 terrorist attacks, nurses have far outpaced all other professions since they were added to the list two decades ago. Before 1999, pharmacists and clergy members were frequently the most-highly rated professions for their ethics.
Majorities of Americans also rate four other professions as having "high" or "very high" honesty and ethical standards in the Dec. 3-12 poll: medical doctors (67%), pharmacists (66%), high school teachers (60%) and police officers (54%).
Twelve of the remaining 13 occupations receive "average" ratings for their honesty and ethical standards from pluralities or majorities ranging from 42% to 54%. Among them, those garnering majority "average" marks for their honesty and ethical standards are real estate agents (54%) and lawyers (51%).
The ethics rating of journalists this year is split, with roughly equal thirds of the public saying they have very high/high, average or low/very low ethical standards.
Journalists' Honesty and Ethical Standards on the Rise
Although journalists' 33% very high/high rating is not outstanding relative to many of the other professions, it marks a 10-percentage-point increase from two years ago and now matches their record high, last recorded in 1977.
Since 1976, Gallup has asked Americans to rate the ethical standards of journalists 29 times, and the overall average positive rating over that period is 26%. Until 2016, strong pluralities or majorities rated journalists as "average," but after the 2016 presidential campaign, the public's ratings of journalists declined. In December 2016, 41% of Americans held a negative opinion of their ethics.
Line graph. Americans’ ratings of the honesty and ethical standards of journalists since 1976. Currently 33% high rating.
Yet this year, positive assessments of journalists' ethical standards have rebounded, owed largely to shifting opinions of Democrats and independents, who may be reacting to President Donald Trump's repeated characterizations of the news media as "the enemy of the people."
Democrats' very high/high rating of journalists' honesty has jumped 21 points since 2016 to 54% this year. For their part, political independents' views have shifted from a 42% low and a 20% high ethics rating to roughly one-third each now saying journalists have high, average and low ethics. At the same time, Republicans' views are essentially unchanged, with 61% now giving journalists low ethics ratings.
Partisans' Ratings of Journalists' Honesty and Ethical Standards
Very high/High Average Low/Very low
% % %
2018
Republicans 10 27 61
Independents 31 32 34
Democrats 54 33 12
2016
Republicans 15 22 63
Independents 20 35 42
Democrats 33 46 21
Gallup
Clergy's Ethical Rating Continues to Decline
While journalists have experienced a surge in positive ratings, the opposite is true for the clergy. Gallup has measured Americans' views of the clergy's honesty and ethics 34 times beginning in 1977, and this year's 37% very high/high rating is the lowest to date. Although the overall average positive rating is 54%, it has consistently fallen below that level since 2009. The historical high of 67% occurred in 1985.
seawind 2019-1-25 12:41
[url]https://news.gallup.com/poll/1654/honesty-ethics-professions.aspx[/url]