油K姐姐 2017-6-9 18:06
#中考分析#常考常错之就近原则！
[b][font=宋体]就近原则[/font][/b]
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1. [font=宋体]今天我们先来讲一个初中英语知识的一个大点，也是同学们一不小心就会栽跟头的知识点[/font]——[font=宋体]就近原则！[/font]“[font=宋体]就近原则[/font]”[font=宋体]这个名字貌似有名到连从来没接触过英语的人都有所耳闻。就近原则本身并不难，但同学们容易错的原因往往在于没发现某道题目考的是这个知识点。[/font]
[font=宋体][b]什么是就近原则？[/b][/font]
[font=宋体]就近原则是指一个句子的谓语动词与靠近的名词、代词在“人称、数”上一致（也就我们是我们常说的主谓一致）。比如说我们知道[/font]I[font=宋体] 后面的[/font]be [font=宋体]动词要用[/font] am, He [font=宋体]后面的[/font]be [font=宋体]动词要用[/font]is[font=宋体]；但是[/font]Not only I but also he ________ interested in chemistry. [font=宋体]这个句子中的[/font]be[font=宋体]动词是该填[/font]am [font=宋体]呢，还是[/font]is[font=宋体]呢，还是[/font]are[font=宋体]呢？答案是[/font]is,[font=宋体]因为就近原则告诉我们，谓语动词的定位只要找与之最靠近的名词或代词，在这一题中就是[/font]he[font=宋体]，所以后面的[/font]be[font=宋体]动词就只需与它相关，那就是[/font]is.
[font=宋体][b]哪些句型采用就近原则？[/b][/font]
[font=宋体]采用就近原则的句型有：[/font]
1. There be [font=宋体]句型；[/font]
2. either[font=宋体]…[/font]or [font=宋体]句型[/font]
3. neither[font=宋体]…[/font]nor[font=宋体]句型；[/font]
4. whether[font=宋体]…[/font]or[font=宋体]句型；[/font]
5. not only[font=宋体]…[/font]but also[font=宋体]句型；[/font]
[b][font=宋体][size=12.0pt]既然讲到这儿，我们再来讲一讲[/size][/font][/b][b][size=12.0pt]all, both, none, neither[/size][/b][b][font=宋体][size=12.0pt]的含义及用法[/size][/font][/b][b][size=12.0pt][/size][/b]
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[color=#0000ff]all[font=宋体]三者及以上；表示肯定；[/font] +[font=宋体]谓语动词复数[/font][/color][color=red][/color]
I have 3 sons and all of them are studying at the University of Manchester.
[color=#0000ff]both[font=宋体]仅限两者；表示肯定；[/font]+[font=宋体]谓语动词复数[/font][/color][color=red][/color]
My brother has 2 daughters and both of them are nurses.
[color=#0000ff]none[font=宋体]三者及以上；表示否定（就不用再加否定词了）；[/font]+[font=宋体]谓语动词单数[/font][/color][color=red][/color]
There were more than 40 people on the street, but none of them offered any help.
[color=#0000ff]neither[font=宋体]仅限两者；表示否定（就不用再加否定词了）；[/font]+[font=宋体]谓语动词单数；分开指称常用结构为[/font][/color][color=#0000ff]neither….nor[/color][color=#ff0000][/color]
I used to keep two rabbits, but neither of them survived. [font=宋体]（我曾经养过[/font]2[font=宋体]只兔子，但没有一只活下来）[/font]
[color=#0000ff]either[font=宋体]表示任选其一，常用搭配为[/font][/color][color=#0000ff]either …or…[/color][color=#ff0000][/color]
A[font=宋体]：[/font] what would you like to drink? Tea or coffee?
B: Either is OK.