查看完整版本: 如何培养阅读

sherry1213 2013-1-14 12:28

如何培养阅读

重点小学一年级怎么培养英文阅读意识
本次教学,从英文标点符号入手。让孩子意识到,文章的标点符号,传递着故事的情绪起伏。
小小孩通过妈妈讲故事的语气,体会故事的喜怒哀乐。妈妈讲故事的时候,碰到书里不同的角色,一定会改变声音。妈妈讲到悲伤的部分,声音肯定不同于讲到欢快的部分。
孩子进入小学一年级之后,应该更多地展开独立阅读。应该点拨孩子,注意“标点符号”在传递情绪中的作用。
比如,让孩子自己大声朗读下面两句话:
Hand me that pencil, please. (请把铅笔递给我。)
Hand me that pencil, please!
同样的文字,标点符号不一样,语气也就不一样了。
第一个句子,是句号结尾,是口气温和的请求(a pleasant request)。
第二个句子,是感叹号结尾,是严苛的口吻(a sharp demand)。.

sherry1213 2013-1-14 12:29

在英语阅读策略中,对文字情绪的把握,是其中一项要求。当妈妈发现小孩子读书面有表情,一定特别高兴,因为妈妈知道孩子“看进去了”。
我以前辅导中学生的时候,偶而,我会让他们读读英文鬼故事(ghost story),我发现部分孩子,读的面无表情,我就知道学生们“没有看进去”。.

sherry1213 2013-1-14 12:29

开始练习喽!
一、先让孩子认识句号(.)、问号(?),和惊叹号(!)
二、让孩子读读下面 5 句话,再给句子选择一个标点符号,填写在句子后面的横杠上。
We are going to the park
When are we going to the park
Stop picking on me
What time is it
The movie is amazing.

sherry1213 2013-1-14 12:30

三、完成练习之后,一起对答案吧
We are going to the park.
When are we going to the park?
Stop picking on me!
What time is it?
The movie is amazing!.

sherry1213 2013-1-14 12:30

本次教学,培养孩子给故事做总结的意识。孩子需要明白,故事里,有很多细节。但是,有的细节很重要,有的细节不那么重要。
孩子可以用自己的话总结故事,但要保证一点:不能丢失作者最要说的意思。
妈妈让孩子读英文小故事,并通过提问,鼓励孩子总结故事梗概。通过观察孩子的总结,妈妈可以了解孩子是否真正吸收故事的核心内容。
孩子读完一篇小故事,妈妈可以问孩子下面 5 个问题,帮助孩子更好地把握故事细节。.

sherry1213 2013-1-14 12:31

比如,妈妈可以问孩子:
Who is in the story? (故事里都有谁?)
What happened? (出什么事了?)
Where does the story take place? (故事发生在什么地方?)
When does the story take place? (故事发生在什么时间?)
Why did sth. happen? (为什么会发生某些事情?)
在英语阅读策略中,善于总结语篇,是其中一项要求。在故事中,有的细节只是“陪衬”,而有的细节,透露了作者最想表达的意思。.

sherry1213 2013-1-14 12:31

开始练习喽!
一、先让孩子阅读下面的故事。
The Road Trip
Kathleen was moving fast. Her dad was in the car waiting for her. Her brother, David, was telling her to move faster. This was her first big summer trip. She didn't want to forget anything.
She ran downstairs. Her dad and brother were waiting in the car. Her dad honked the horn.
“Let's go!” Kathleen's dad said.
They were on their way to California. Yes. California. Warm weather. Palm trees. Beaches. It all sounded wonderful to Kathleen. Then she remembered that California was three days away. She would be in the car for three days. No friends. No TV. No video games. Just a radio, her loud brother, and her dad, who loved to sing old songs that she'd never heard of.
It was going to be three very long days..

sherry1213 2013-1-14 12:32

二、启发孩子回答问题。
向孩子提问的时候,适当提醒孩子,回答问题之前,可以再看看文章,不要凭着自己的记忆回答。
① 故事里,出现了 3 个人,有小女孩 Kathleen,有 David,还有爸爸。虽然故事出现了 3 个人物,但这篇故事主要说的是哪一位?
② 故事里,有好几个细节。有加利福利亚州的海滩(California's beaches),棕榈树(palm trees),还有爱唱老歌的爸爸。不过,这篇故事主要说的是什么呢?
③ 为什么小女孩 Kathleen 会觉得这三天特别漫长?让孩子用荧光笔,把原因划出来。.

sherry1213 2013-1-14 12:32

三、对对答案
① 故事主角是 Kathleen
② 故事主要说的,是爸爸带着儿子和女儿,开车去加州。
③ 孩子用荧光笔,把故事里这部分内容划出来:
She would be in the car for three days. No friends. No TV. No video games. Just a radio, her loud brother, and her dad, who loved to sing old songs that she'd never heard of..

sherry1213 2013-1-14 12:33

本次教学,培养孩子在故事里,寻找生词推测线索的意识。小学一年级的孩子,好奇心强,喜欢问“为什么”,喜欢问“那后来呢”,喜欢问“这是什么”等等问题。孩子的好奇心,是宝贵的品格。不过,妈妈也要尽早培养孩子独立解决问题的能力和习惯。妈妈不一定要回答孩子所有问题。
比如,孩子在阅读中,遇到生词,妈妈可以鼓励孩子推测生词的意思,鼓励孩子认真读一读上下文,鼓励孩子
从生词所在的句子里,或者从前后句子中,寻找推测的线索。
比如,全家人开车去郊外,回来之后,妈妈可以写这么一句:
Let's wash the because we drove through a mud paddle.
咱们一起洗洗 因为我们从泥水坑开了过去。
妈妈写完句子之后,再写出 3 个提示单词:pencil, dishes, car
妈妈问孩子:句子的横线,应该填哪个单词呢?孩子轻松回答:横线上要填 car 这个词。
妈妈说:真棒!句子里的“drove through a mud paddle”就是一条线索,说明我们要洗的是车子(car),而不是盘子(dishes),更不会是铅笔(pencil),所以在句子里,该用哪个词,是由上下文决定的。
在英语阅读策略中,善于推测生词,是其中一项要求。当然,我要强调一点,推测生词的能力,单词量越大的孩子,越容易掌握。单词量小的孩子,会觉得文章里到处都是生词,自然无法从上下文推测意思。所以,妈妈还是应该督促孩子,通过阅读原版书,尽快扩大英文词汇量。.

sherry1213 2013-1-14 12:34

开始练习喽!
一、先让孩子阅读下面的故事。
Julia came home from school. “I'm going to bed!” she exclaimed to her mother, who was in the other room. Julia walked up to her room. She let out a big yawn. Her eyes were closing
as she walked to her bed. She was so familiar with her room that she knew when she had to step over something or walk around something. She got into bed and said, “I'm tuckered out!”
In less than five seconds, Julia was fast asleep!.

sherry1213 2013-1-14 12:35

大家看看吧,觉得有用的话,继续发.
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